Synonyms: Diatrype gyrosa, Endothia gyrosa, Sphaeria gyrosa.
Common name: orange hobnail canker.
Extract from Wikipedia article: Endothia radicalis is a plant pathogen. It was discovered in 1916 by Stephen Bruner. He found it growing on eucalyptus, mango and avocado.
Catalan: Cryphonectria radicalis, Cebuano: Endothia radicalis.
Melogramma gyrosum is a species of fungus in the family Melanconidaceae, order Diaporthales, class Sordariomycetes, phylum Ascomycota. It is characterized by its perithecial ascomata, clavate to cylindrical asci, and fusoid to ellipsoidal ascospores. In East and Central Texas, Melogramma gyrosum has been found on dead branches and stems of various woody plants, particularly oak and hickory, often in shaded, moist areas with rich soil. The fungus typically fruits in spring and fall, producing black, immersed to partially erumpent perithecia that are 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter.
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus covering a small dried fallen oak in Bee Creek Park. College Station, Texas, February 24, 2018
Close up of Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus on a fallen oak in Bee Creek Park. College Station, Texas, February 24, 2018
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus on a recently dried branch of an oak in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 12, 2019
Tree fungus Melogramma gyrosum on a recently dried oak branch in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 12, 2019
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus on an oak branch in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, January 23, 2019
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus on an oak branch in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, February 27, 2019
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus on an drying branch of "Liberty Oak" in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. Washington, Texas, February 27, 2019
Orange dots of fungus Melogramma gyrosum on a fallen oak on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, December 10, 2020
Fungus Melogramma gyrosum on bark of a fallen oak on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, December 10, 2020
Close-up of fungus Melogramma gyrosum on bark of a fallen oak on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, December 10, 2020
Melogramma gyrosum (Endothia gyrosa, Amphilogia gyrosa) fungus and white fringe lichen (Heterodermia albicans) on an oak(?) tree on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, April 24, 2021
Orange hobnail canker fungus (Melogramma gyrosum) on a tree root on Kiwanis Nature Trail. College Station, Texas, January 31, 2024
Spores of orange hobnail canker fungus (Melogramma gyrosum) from a tree root, collected a day before on Kiwanis Nature Trail. College Station, Texas, February 1, 2024Observations of Melogramma gyrosum in East and Central Texas show that the fungus grows on dried or recently fallen oak branches and trees. It has been found in various locations, including Bee Creek Park in College Station, Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site, and Sam Houston National Forest. The fungus appears as orange dots or a crust-like growth on the bark of infected trees. It has been observed on both fallen branches and standing trees, including the "Liberty Oak" in Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historic Site. In some cases, it co-occurs with other organisms, such as white fringe lichen. The fungus has been found throughout the year, from January to April, and its spores have been collected for further study. Additionally, it has been observed growing on tree roots, as seen on Kiwanis Nature Trail in College Station.
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