Synonym: Lactarius cokeri.
Lactarius subvernalis is a species of mushroom that produces small to medium-sized fruiting bodies with orange-brown to reddish-brown caps and white to pale yellow gills. It is found in association with oak trees, particularly live oak and post oak, in East and Central Texas. The fungus typically fruits from May to October, with peak activity during the summer months. In this region, Lactarius subvernalis can be identified by its distinctive morphology and the presence of a milky latex that stains tissue yellow or green upon exposure to air.
Pale milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville, Texas, May 19, 2018
Dissected milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest near Huntsville, Texas, May 19, 2018
White milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, June 4, 2018
Group of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, June 4, 2018
Dissected milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, June 4, 2018
Dissected milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis(?) in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, October 26, 2018
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, October 20, 2019
Dissected milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Big Creek Scenic Area of Sam Houston National Forest. Shepherd, Texas, October 20, 2019
White cap of milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri and red seeds of coral beans on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, April 9, 2020
Side view of a of milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, April 9, 2020
Cross section of milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri on Lone Star Hiking Trail near Pole Creek in Sam Houston National Forest. Richards, Texas, April 9, 2020
Zoned milkcap mushrooms Lactarius psammicola together with a dissected Lactarius subvernalis in low-lying area on Caney Creek section of Lone Star Hiking Trail in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, July 17, 2020
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, June 9, 2021
Cross section of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, June 9, 2021
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Stubblefield section of Lone Star hiking trail north from Trailhead No. 6 in Sam Houston National Forest. Texas, June 18, 2021
Underside of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Stubblefield section of Lone Star hiking trail north from Trailhead No. 6 in Sam Houston National Forest. Texas, June 18, 2021
Cross section of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Stubblefield section of Lone Star hiking trail north from Trailhead No. 6 in Sam Houston National Forest. Texas, June 18, 2021
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, June 27, 2021
Cross section of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, June 27, 2021
Underside of a large milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis(?) near the park entrance in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, July 6, 2021
Large milkcap mushroom Lactarius subvernalis(?) under small oaks in Lick Creek Park. College Station, Texas, July 6, 2021
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, June 6, 2022
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis with cross section on Caney Creek Trail (Little Lake Creek Loop Trail) in Sam Houston National Forest north from Montgomery. Texas, June 6, 2022
Spores of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis collected in Sam Houston National Forest near Montgomery. Texas, June 6, 2022
Milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Richards Loop Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Texas, May 6, 2023
Cross section of milkcap mushrooms Lactarius subvernalis on Richards Loop Trail in Sam Houston National Forest. Texas, May 6, 2023The fungus Lactarius subvernalis was observed in East and Central Texas from 2018 to 2023. The majority of sightings were in Sam Houston National Forest, specifically on the Lone Star Hiking Trail and Caney Creek Trail. Additional observations were made in Lick Creek Park in College Station. The mushrooms were typically found in low-lying areas and under oak trees. Variations of the species, including Lactarius subvernalis var. cokeri, were also noted. Observations included descriptions of the mushroom's cap, underside, and cross-section, as well as spore collection. The sightings occurred during various times of the year, with a concentration in spring and summer months. Overall, the observations suggest that Lactarius subvernalis is a relatively common species in East and Central Texas, particularly in wooded areas with oak trees.
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